SystemEvents Klass

Definition

public ref class SystemEvents sealed

public sealed class SystemEvents

type SystemEvents = class

Public NotInheritable Class SystemEvents

Arv

Object

SystemEvents

Exempel

Det här avsnittet innehåller två exempel. Det första exemplet visar hur du använder systemhändelser i ett vanligt program, och det andra exemplet visar hur du använder systemhändelser i en Windows-tjänst.

Exempel 1

I följande kodexempel registreras intresse för vissa systemhändelser och väntar sedan på att någon av dessa händelser ska inträffa. Utdata som visas inträffar om användaren ändrar visningsupplösningen.

#using <System.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace Microsoft::Win32;

// This method is called when a user preference changes.
void SystemEvents_UserPreferenceChanging(Object^ sender,
     UserPreferenceChangingEventArgs^ e)
 {
     Console::WriteLine("The user preference is changing. Category={0}",
         e->Category);
 }

// This method is called when the palette changes.
void SystemEvents_PaletteChanged(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
{
    Console::WriteLine("The palette changed.");
}

// This method is called when the display settings change.
void SystemEvents_DisplaySettingsChanged(Object^ sender,
    EventArgs^ e)
{
    Console::WriteLine("The display settings changed.");
}

int main()
{
    // Set the SystemEvents class to receive event notification
    // when a user preference changes, the palette changes, or
    // when display settings change.
    SystemEvents::UserPreferenceChanging += gcnew
        UserPreferenceChangingEventHandler(
        SystemEvents_UserPreferenceChanging);
    SystemEvents::PaletteChanged += gcnew
        EventHandler(SystemEvents_PaletteChanged);
    SystemEvents::DisplaySettingsChanged += gcnew
        EventHandler(SystemEvents_DisplaySettingsChanged);

    // For demonstration purposes, this application sits idle
    // waiting for events.
    Console::WriteLine("This application is waiting for system events.");
    Console::WriteLine("Press <Enter> to terminate this application.");
    Console::ReadLine();
}

// This code produces the following output.
//
//  This app is waiting for system events.
//  Press <Enter> to terminate this application.
//  Display Settings changed.
//  User preference is changing. Category=General

using System;
using Microsoft.Win32;

public sealed class App 
{
    static void Main() 
    {         
        // Set the SystemEvents class to receive event notification when a user 
        // preference changes, the palette changes, or when display settings change.
        SystemEvents.UserPreferenceChanging += new 
            UserPreferenceChangingEventHandler(SystemEvents_UserPreferenceChanging);
        SystemEvents.PaletteChanged += new 
            EventHandler(SystemEvents_PaletteChanged);
        SystemEvents.DisplaySettingsChanged += new 
            EventHandler(SystemEvents_DisplaySettingsChanged);        

        // For demonstration purposes, this application sits idle waiting for events.
        Console.WriteLine("This application is waiting for system events.");
        Console.WriteLine("Press <Enter> to terminate this application.");
        Console.ReadLine();
    }

    // This method is called when a user preference changes.
    static void SystemEvents_UserPreferenceChanging(object sender, UserPreferenceChangingEventArgs e) 
    {
        Console.WriteLine("The user preference is changing. Category={0}", e.Category);
    }

    // This method is called when the palette changes.
    static void SystemEvents_PaletteChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("The palette changed.");
    }

    // This method is called when the display settings change.
    static void SystemEvents_DisplaySettingsChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("The display settings changed.");
    }
}

// This code produces the following output.
// 
//  This app is waiting for system events.
//  Press <Enter> to terminate this application.
//  Display Settings changed.
//  User preference is changing. Category=General

Imports Microsoft.Win32
Imports System.Windows.Forms

Friend Class Form1
    Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form


    Public Sub New()
        MyBase.New()

        'This call is required by the Windows Form Designer.
        InitializeComponent()

        'Set the SystemEvents class to receive event notification 
        'when a user preference changes, the palette changes, or 
        'when display settings change.
        AddHandler SystemEvents.UserPreferenceChanging, _
        AddressOf SystemEvents_UserPreferenceChanging

        AddHandler SystemEvents.PaletteChanged, _
        AddressOf SystemEvents_PaletteChanged

        AddHandler SystemEvents.DisplaySettingsChanged, _
        AddressOf SystemEvents_DisplaySettingsChanged

    End Sub

    'Form overrides dispose to clean up the component list.
    Protected Overloads Overrides Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean)
        If disposing Then
            If (components IsNot Nothing) Then
                components.Dispose()
            End If
        End If
        MyBase.Dispose(disposing)
    End Sub


    Private components As System.ComponentModel.IContainer

    <System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThrough()> Private Sub InitializeComponent()

        Me.SuspendLayout()

        '
        'Form1
        '
        Me.ClientSize = New System.Drawing.Size(648, 398)
        Me.Name = "Form1"
        Me.Text = "Form1"
        Me.ResumeLayout(False)

    End Sub


    ' This method is called when a user preference changes.
    Private Sub SystemEvents_UserPreferenceChanging( _
    ByVal sender As Object, _
    ByVal e As UserPreferenceChangingEventArgs)

        MessageBox.Show("UserPreferenceChanging: " & _
        e.Category.ToString())
    End Sub


    ' This method is called when the palette changes.
    Private Sub SystemEvents_PaletteChanged( _
    ByVal sender As Object, _
    ByVal e As EventArgs)

        MessageBox.Show("PaletteChanged")

    End Sub


    ' This method is called when the display settings change.
    Private Sub SystemEvents_DisplaySettingsChanged( _
    ByVal sender As Object, _
    ByVal e As EventArgs)

        MessageBox.Show("The display settings changed.")

    End Sub

End Class

Exempel 2

I följande kodexempel visas en mycket enkel Windows tjänst som hanterar händelserna TimeChanged och UserPreferenceChanged. Exemplet innehåller en tjänst med namnet SimpleService, ett formulär med namnet HiddenFormoch ett installationsprogram. Formuläret innehåller meddelandeloopen som krävs av systemhändelser.

Tjänsten i det här exemplet startar en tråd som kör en instans av HiddenForm. Händelserna kopplas ihop och hanteras i formuläret. Händelserna måste anslutas i formulärets belastningshändelse för att se till att formuläret är helt inläst först. annars kommer händelserna inte att aktiveras.

Så här kör du exemplet:

1. Kompilera koden från kommandoraden. Namnet som du använder för källfilen är inte viktigt.

2. Installera tjänsten från kommandoraden med hjälp av verktyget Installutil.exe (installationsverktyg). Om källfilens namn till exempel InstallUtil example.exe är example.cs eller example.vb. Du måste vara administratör för att kunna installera tjänsten.

3. Starta tjänsten med hjälp av tjänstekonsolen.

4. Ändra systemtiden eller ändra användarinställningar, till exempel musegenskaper.

5. Visa meddelandena i kategorin Application i Zobrazovač udalostí.

6. Använd tjänstkonsolen för att stoppa tjänsten.

7. Avinstallera tjänsten från kommandoraden /u med hjälp av alternativet . Till exempel InstallUtil /u example.exe.

using System;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Diagnostics;
using Microsoft.Win32;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Configuration.Install;

namespace SimpleServiceCs
{
    public class SimpleService : ServiceBase
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ServiceBase.Run(new SimpleService());
        }

        protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
        {
            EventLog.WriteEntry("SimpleService", "Starting SimpleService");
            new Thread(RunMessagePump).Start();
        }

        void RunMessagePump()
        {
            EventLog.WriteEntry("SimpleService.MessagePump", "Starting SimpleService Message Pump");
            Application.Run(new HiddenForm());
        }

        protected override void OnStop()
        {
            Application.Exit();
        }
    }

    public partial class HiddenForm : Form
    {
        public HiddenForm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void HiddenForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            SystemEvents.TimeChanged += new EventHandler(SystemEvents_TimeChanged);
            SystemEvents.UserPreferenceChanged += new UserPreferenceChangedEventHandler(SystemEvents_UPCChanged);
        }

        private void HiddenForm_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
        {
            SystemEvents.TimeChanged -= new EventHandler(SystemEvents_TimeChanged);
            SystemEvents.UserPreferenceChanged -= new UserPreferenceChangedEventHandler(SystemEvents_UPCChanged);
        }

        private void SystemEvents_TimeChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            EventLog.WriteEntry("SimpleService.TimeChanged", "Time changed; it is now " +
                DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString());
        }

        private void SystemEvents_UPCChanged(object sender, UserPreferenceChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            EventLog.WriteEntry("SimpleService.UserPreferenceChanged", e.Category.ToString());
        }
    }

    partial class HiddenForm
    {
        private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;

        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing && (components != null))
            {
                components.Dispose();
            }
            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }

        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            this.SuspendLayout();
            this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 13F);
            this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
            this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(0, 0);
            this.FormBorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FormBorderStyle.None;
            this.Name = "HiddenForm";
            this.Text = "HiddenForm";
            this.WindowState = System.Windows.Forms.FormWindowState.Minimized;
            this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.HiddenForm_Load);
            this.FormClosing += new System.Windows.Forms.FormClosingEventHandler(this.HiddenForm_FormClosing);
            this.ResumeLayout(false);
        }
    }

    [RunInstaller(true)]
    public class SimpleInstaller : Installer
    {
        private ServiceInstaller serviceInstaller;
        private ServiceProcessInstaller processInstaller;

        public SimpleInstaller()
        {
            processInstaller = new ServiceProcessInstaller();
            serviceInstaller = new ServiceInstaller();

            // Service will run under system account
            processInstaller.Account = ServiceAccount.LocalSystem;

            // Service will have Start Type of Manual
            serviceInstaller.StartType = ServiceStartMode.Automatic;

            serviceInstaller.ServiceName = "Simple Service";

            Installers.Add(serviceInstaller);
            Installers.Add(processInstaller);
        }
    }
}

Imports System.ServiceProcess
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports System.Diagnostics
Imports Microsoft.Win32
Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.Configuration.Install

Namespace SimpleServiceVb
    Public Class SimpleService
        Inherits ServiceBase
    
        Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String) 
            ServiceBase.Run(New SimpleService())
        End Sub
    
        Protected Overrides Sub OnStart(ByVal args() As String) 
            EventLog.WriteEntry("SimpleService", "Starting SimpleService")
            Dim t As New Thread(AddressOf RunMessagePump)
            t.Start()    
        End Sub
    
        Sub RunMessagePump() 
            EventLog.WriteEntry("SimpleService.MessagePump", _
                "Starting SimpleService Message Pump")
            Application.Run(New HiddenForm())
        End Sub
    
        Protected Overrides Sub OnStop() 
            Application.Exit()
        End Sub
    End Class 

    Partial Class HiddenForm
        Inherits Form

        Public Sub New() 
            InitializeComponent()
        End Sub
    
        Private Sub HiddenForm_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) 
            AddHandler SystemEvents.TimeChanged, AddressOf SystemEvents_TimeChanged
            AddHandler SystemEvents.UserPreferenceChanged, AddressOf SystemEvents_UPCChanged
        End Sub 
    
        Private Sub HiddenForm_FormClosing(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As FormClosingEventArgs) 
            RemoveHandler SystemEvents.TimeChanged, New EventHandler(AddressOf SystemEvents_TimeChanged)
            RemoveHandler SystemEvents.UserPreferenceChanged, _
                New UserPreferenceChangedEventHandler(AddressOf SystemEvents_UPCChanged)
        End Sub 
    
        Private Sub SystemEvents_TimeChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) 
            EventLog.WriteEntry("SimpleService.TimeChanged", _
                "Time changed; it is now " & DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString())
        End Sub 
    
        Private Sub SystemEvents_UPCChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As UserPreferenceChangedEventArgs) 
            EventLog.WriteEntry("SimpleService.UserPreferenceChanged", e.Category.ToString())
        End Sub 
    End Class

    Partial Class HiddenForm

        Private components As System.ComponentModel.IContainer = Nothing
    
        Protected Overrides Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean) 
            If disposing AndAlso Not (components Is Nothing) Then
                components.Dispose()
            End If
            MyBase.Dispose(disposing)
        End Sub
  
        Private Sub InitializeComponent() 
            Me.SuspendLayout()
            Me.AutoScaleDimensions = New System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 13F)
            Me.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font
            Me.ClientSize = New System.Drawing.Size(0, 0)
            Me.FormBorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FormBorderStyle.None
            Me.Name = "HiddenForm"
            Me.Text = "HiddenForm"
            Me.WindowState = System.Windows.Forms.FormWindowState.Minimized
            AddHandler Me.Load, AddressOf Me.HiddenForm_Load
            AddHandler Me.FormClosing, AddressOf Me.HiddenForm_FormClosing
            Me.ResumeLayout(False)
        End Sub 
    End Class 

    <RunInstaller(True)> _
    Public Class SimpleInstaller
        Inherits Installer

        Private serviceInstaller As ServiceInstaller
        Private processInstaller As ServiceProcessInstaller
    
        Public Sub New() 
            processInstaller = New ServiceProcessInstaller()
            serviceInstaller = New ServiceInstaller()
        
            ' Service will run under system account
            processInstaller.Account = ServiceAccount.LocalSystem
        
            ' Service will have Start Type of Manual
            serviceInstaller.StartType = ServiceStartMode.Automatic
        
            serviceInstaller.ServiceName = "Simple Service"
        
            Installers.Add(serviceInstaller)
            Installers.Add(processInstaller)
        End Sub
    End Class 
End Namespace

Kommentarer

Klassen SystemEvents ger möjlighet att svara på specifika typer av systemhändelser.

När en systemhändelse aktiveras anropas eventuella ombud som är kopplade till händelsen med hjälp av tråden som övervakar systemhändelser. Därför bör du göra alla anrop från händelsehanterarna trådsäkra. Om du behöver anropa en systemhändelse som inte exponeras som medlem i den här klassen kan du använda InvokeOnEventsThread metoden.

Se även

• PowerModeChangedEventHandler
• SessionEndedEventHandler
• SessionEndingEventHandler
• SessionSwitchEventHandler
• TimerElapsedEventHandler
• UserPreferenceChangedEventHandler
• UserPreferenceChangingEventHandler