PasswordDeriveBytes Classe

Definição

public ref class PasswordDeriveBytes : System::Security::Cryptography::DeriveBytes

public class PasswordDeriveBytes : System.Security.Cryptography.DeriveBytes

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public class PasswordDeriveBytes : System.Security.Cryptography.DeriveBytes

type PasswordDeriveBytes = class
    inherit DeriveBytes

[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type PasswordDeriveBytes = class
    inherit DeriveBytes

Public Class PasswordDeriveBytes
Inherits DeriveBytes

Herança

Object

DeriveBytes

PasswordDeriveBytes

Atributos

ComVisibleAttribute

Exemplos

O exemplo de código seguinte cria uma chave a partir de uma palavra-passe usando a PasswordDeriveBytes classe.

using System;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;

public class PasswordDerivedBytesExample
{

    public static void Main(String[] args)
    {

        // Get a password from the user.
        Console.WriteLine("Enter a password to produce a key:");

        byte[] pwd = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(Console.ReadLine());

        byte[] salt = CreateRandomSalt(7);

        // Create a TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider object.
        TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tdes = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();

        try
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Creating a key with PasswordDeriveBytes...");

            // Create a PasswordDeriveBytes object and then create
            // a TripleDES key from the password and salt.
            PasswordDeriveBytes pdb = new PasswordDeriveBytes(pwd, salt);


            // Create the key and set it to the Key property
            // of the TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider object.
            // This example uses the SHA1 algorithm.
            // Due to collision problems with SHA1, Microsoft recommends SHA256 or better.
            tdes.Key = pdb.CryptDeriveKey("TripleDES", "SHA1", 192, tdes.IV);


            Console.WriteLine("Operation complete.");
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
        }
        finally
        {
            // Clear the buffers
            ClearBytes(pwd);
            ClearBytes(salt);

            // Clear the key.
            tdes.Clear();
        }

        Console.ReadLine();
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Helper methods:
    // CreateRandomSalt: Generates a random salt value of the
    //                   specified length.
    //
    // ClearBytes: Clear the bytes in a buffer so they can't
    //             later be read from memory.
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    public static byte[] CreateRandomSalt(int length)
    {
        // Create a buffer
        byte[] randBytes;

        if (length >= 1)
        {
            randBytes = new byte[length];
        }
        else
        {
            randBytes = new byte[1];
        }

        using (RandomNumberGenerator rng = RandomNumberGenerator.Create())
        {
            // Fill the buffer with random bytes.
            rng.GetBytes(randBytes);
        }

        // return the bytes.
        return randBytes;
    }

    public static void ClearBytes(byte[] buffer)
    {
        // Check arguments.
        if (buffer == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentException("buffer");
        }

        // Set each byte in the buffer to 0.
        for (int x = 0; x < buffer.Length; x++)
        {
            buffer[x] = 0;
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Security.Cryptography
Imports System.Text



Module PasswordDerivedBytesExample


    Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)

        ' Get a password from the user.
        Console.WriteLine("Enter a password to produce a key:")

        Dim pwd As Byte() = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(Console.ReadLine())

        Dim salt As Byte() = CreateRandomSalt(7)

        ' Create a TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider object.
        Dim tdes As New TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider()

        Try
            Console.WriteLine("Creating a key with PasswordDeriveBytes...")

            ' Create a PasswordDeriveBytes object and then create 
            ' a TripleDES key from the password and salt.
            Dim pdb As New PasswordDeriveBytes(pwd, salt)


            ' Create the key and set it to the Key property
            ' of the TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider object.
            ' This example uses the SHA1 algorithm.
            ' Due to collision problems with SHA1, Microsoft recommends SHA256 or better.
            tdes.Key = pdb.CryptDeriveKey("TripleDES", "SHA1", 192, tdes.IV)


            Console.WriteLine("Operation complete.")
        Catch e As Exception
            Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
        Finally
            ' Clear the buffers
            ClearBytes(pwd)
            ClearBytes(salt)

            ' Clear the key.
            tdes.Clear()
        End Try

        Console.ReadLine()

    End Sub


    '********************************************************
    '* Helper methods:
    '* createRandomSalt: Generates a random salt value of the 
    '*                   specified length.  
    '*
    '* clearBytes: Clear the bytes in a buffer so they can't 
    '*             later be read from memory.
    '********************************************************
    Function CreateRandomSalt(ByVal length As Integer) As Byte()
        ' Create a buffer
        Dim randBytes() As Byte

        If length >= 1 Then
            randBytes = New Byte(length) {}
        Else
            randBytes = New Byte(0) {}
        End If

        ' Create a new RandomNumberGenerator.
        Using rand As RandomNumberGenerator = RandomNumberGenerator.Create()
            ' Fill the buffer with random bytes.
            rand.GetBytes(randBytes)
        End Using

        ' return the bytes.
        Return randBytes

    End Function


    Sub ClearBytes(ByVal buffer() As Byte)
        ' Check arguments.
        If buffer Is Nothing Then
            Throw New ArgumentException("buffer")
        End If

        ' Set each byte in the buffer to 0.
        Dim x As Integer
        For x = 0 To buffer.Length - 1
            buffer(x) = 0
        Next x

    End Sub
End Module

Observações

Esta classe utiliza uma extensão do algoritmo PBKDF1 definido no padrão PKCS#5 v2.0 para derivar bytes adequados para uso como material chave a partir de uma palavra-passe. A norma está documentada no IETF RRC 2898.

Ver também

• Serviços de criptografia