function::function

Constructs a wrapper that either is empty or stores a callable object of arbitrary type with a fixed signature.

function();
function(nullptr_t npc);
function(const function& _Right);
template<class Fx>
   function(Fx _Func);
template<class Fx>
    function(reference_wrapper<Fx> _Fnref);
template<class Fx, class Alloc>
    function(
        Fx _Func, 
        const Alloc& _Ax
);
template<class Fx, class Alloc>
    function(
        reference_wrapper<Fx> _Fnref, 
        const Alloc& _Ax
    );

Parameters

• _Right
  The function object to copy.

• Fx
  The type of the callable object.

• _Func
  The callable object to wrap.

• Alloc
  The allocator type.

• _Ax
  The allocator.

• _Fnref
  The callable object reference to wrap.

Remarks

The first two constructors construct an empty function object. The next three constructors construct a function object that holds the callable object passed as the operand. The last two constructors allocate storage with the allocator object _Ax.

Example

// std_tr1__functional__function_function.cpp 
// compile with: /EHsc 
#include <functional> 
#include <iostream> 
#include <vector>
 
int square(int val)
{
    return val * val;
}

class multiply_by
{
public:
    explicit multiply_by(const int n) : m_n(n) { }

    int operator()(const int x) const
    {
        return m_n * x;
    }

private:
    int m_n;
};


int main() 
{ 

    typedef std::vector< std::function<int (int)> > vf_t;

    vf_t v;
    v.push_back(square);
    v.push_back(std::negate<int>());
    v.push_back(multiply_by(3));

    for (vf_t::const_iterator i = v.begin(); i != v.end(); ++i)
    {
        std::cout << (*i)(10) << std::endl;
    }

    std::function<int (int)> f = v[0];
    std::function<int (int)> g;

    if (f) {
        std::cout << "f is non-empty (correct)." << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "f is empty (can't happen)." << std::endl;
    }
 
    if (g) {
        std::cout << "g is non-empty (can't happen)." << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "g is empty (correct)." << std::endl;
    }

    return 0; 
}

100
-10
30
f is non-empty (correct).
g is empty (correct).

Requirements

Header: <functional>

Namespace: std

See Also

Reference

function Class

function::operator=

Lvalues and Rvalues