Tuple<T1,T2> Classe

Definição

generic <typename T1, typename T2>
public ref class Tuple : IComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralEquatable

generic <typename T1, typename T2>
public ref class Tuple : IComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralEquatable, System::Runtime::CompilerServices::ITuple

public class Tuple<T1,T2> : IComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralEquatable

[System.Serializable]
public class Tuple<T1,T2> : IComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralEquatable

public class Tuple<T1,T2> : IComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralEquatable, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ITuple

type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IComparable

[<System.Serializable>]
type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IComparable

[<System.Serializable>]
type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IComparable
    interface ITuple

type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IComparable
    interface ITuple

Public Class Tuple(Of T1, T2)
Implements IComparable, IStructuralComparable, IStructuralEquatable

Public Class Tuple(Of T1, T2)
Implements IComparable, IStructuralComparable, IStructuralEquatable, ITuple

Parâmetros de Tipo Genérico

Herança

Object

Tuple<T1,T2>

Atributos

SerializableAttribute

Implementações

IStructuralComparable IStructuralEquatable IComparable ITuple

Observações

Uma tupla é uma estrutura de dados que tem um número e sequência específicos de valores. A Tuple<T1,T2> classe representa uma 2-tupla, ou par, que é uma tupla com dois componentes. Uma 2-tupla é semelhante a uma KeyValuePair<TKey,TValue> estrutura.

Pode instanciar um Tuple<T1,T2> objeto chamando o Tuple<T1,T2> construtor ou o método estático Tuple.Create<T1,T2>(T1, T2) . Pode recuperar os valores dos componentes da tupla usando as propriedades de apenas Item1 leitura e Item2 instância.

As tuplas são frequentemente usadas de quatro formas diferentes:

• Para representar um único conjunto de dados. Por exemplo, uma tupla pode representar um registo numa base de dados, e os seus componentes podem representar os campos desse registo.

• Proporcionar fácil acesso e manipulação de um conjunto de dados. O exemplo seguinte define um conjunto de Tuple<T1,T2> objetos que contêm os nomes dos alunos e as respetivas pontuações nos testes. Depois, itera o array para calcular a pontuação média do teste.

  using System;
  
  public class Example
  {
     public static void Main()
     {
        Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>[] scores = 
                      { new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Jack", 78),
                        new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Abbey", 92), 
                        new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Dave", 88),
                        new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Sam", 91), 
                        new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Ed", null),
                        new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Penelope", 82),
                        new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Linda", 99),
                        new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Judith", 84) };
        int number;
        double mean = ComputeMean(scores, out number);
        Console.WriteLine("Average test score: {0:N2} (n={1})", mean, number);
     }
  
     private static double ComputeMean(Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>[] scores, out int n) 
     {
        n = 0;      
        int sum = 0;
        foreach (var score in scores)
        {
           if (score.Item2.HasValue)
           { 
              n += 1;
              sum += score.Item2.Value;
           }
        }     
        if (n > 0)
           return sum / (double) n;
        else
           return 0;
     }
  }
  // The example displays the following output:
  //       Average test score: 87.71 (n=7)
  

  open System
  
  let scores = 
      [| Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Jack", 78)
         Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Abbey", 92) 
         Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Dave", 88)
         Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Sam", 91) 
         Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Ed", Nullable())
         Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Penelope", 82)
         Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Linda", 99)
         Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Judith", 84) |]
  
  let computeMean (scores: Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>[]) (n: int outref) = 
      n <- 0      
      let mutable sum = 0
      for _, score in scores do
          if score.HasValue then
              n <- n + 1
              sum <- sum + score.Value
      if n > 0 then
          double sum / double n
      else
          0
  
  let mutable number = 0
  let mean = computeMean scores &number
  printfn $"Average test score: {mean:N2} (n={number})"
  // The example displays the following output:
  //       Average test score: 87.71 (n=7)
  

  Module Example
     Public Sub Main()
        Dim scores() As Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer)) = 
                        { New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Jack", 78),
                          New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Abbey", 92), 
                          New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Dave", 88),
                          New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Sam", 91), 
                          New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Ed", Nothing),
                          New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Penelope", 82),
                          New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Linda", 99),
                          New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Judith", 84) }
        Dim number As Integer
        Dim mean As Double = ComputeMean(scores, number)
        Console.WriteLine("Average test score: {0:N2} (n={1})", mean, number)
     End Sub
     
     Private Function ComputeMean(scores() As Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer)), 
                                  ByRef n As Integer) As Double
        n = 0      
        Dim sum As Integer
        For Each score In scores
           If score.Item2.HasValue Then 
              n += 1
              sum += score.Item2.Value
           End If
        Next     
        If n > 0 Then
           Return sum / n
        Else
           Return 0
        End If             
     End Function
  End Module
  ' The example displays the following output:
  '       Average test score: 87.71 (n=7)
  

• Devolver múltiplos valores de um método sem o uso de parâmetros out (em C#) ou parâmetros ByRef (em Visual Basic). Por exemplo, o exemplo seguinte usa um Tuple<T1,T2> objeto para devolver o quociente e o resto que resultam da divisão de inteiros.

  using System;
  
  public class Class1
  {
     public static void Main()
     {
        int dividend, divisor;
        Tuple<int, int> result;
        
        dividend = 136945; divisor = 178;
        result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor);
        if (result != null)
           Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                             dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2);
        else
           Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor);
                          
        dividend = Int32.MaxValue; divisor = -2073;
        result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor);
        if (result != null)
           Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                             dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2);
        else
           Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor);
     }
  
     private static Tuple<int, int> IntegerDivide(int dividend, int divisor)
     {
        try {
           int remainder;
           int quotient = Math.DivRem(dividend, divisor, out remainder);
           return new Tuple<int, int>(quotient, remainder);
        }   
        catch (DivideByZeroException) {
           return null;
        }      
     }
  }
  // The example displays the following output:
  //       136945 \ 178 = 769, remainder 63
  //       2147483647 \ -2073 = -1035930, remainder 757
  

  open System
  
  let integerDivide (dividend: int) divisor =
      try
          let quotient, remainder = Math.DivRem(dividend, divisor)
          Tuple<int, int>(quotient, remainder)
      with :? DivideByZeroException ->
          Unchecked.defaultof<Tuple<int, int>>
  
  [<EntryPoint>]
  let main _ =
      let dividend = 136945 
      let divisor = 178
      let result = integerDivide dividend divisor
      if box result <> null then
          printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = {result.Item1}, remainder {result.Item2}" 
      else
          printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = <Error>"
                      
      let dividend = Int32.MaxValue 
      let divisor = -2073
      let result = integerDivide dividend divisor
      if box result <> null then
          printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = {result.Item1}, remainder {result.Item2}" 
      else
          printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = <Error>"
      0
  // The example displays the following output:
  //       136945 \ 178 = 769, remainder 63
  //       2147483647 \ -2073 = -1035930, remainder 757
  

  Module modMain
     Public Sub Main()
        Dim dividend, divisor As Integer
        Dim result As Tuple(Of Integer, Integer)
        
        dividend = 136945 : divisor = 178
        result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor)
        If result IsNot Nothing Then
           Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                             dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2)
        Else
           Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor)
        End If
                          
        dividend = Int32.MaxValue : divisor = -2073
        result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor)
        If result IsNot Nothing Then
           Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                             dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2)
        Else
           Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor)
        End If
     End Sub
     
     Private Function IntegerDivide(dividend As Integer, divisor As Integer) As Tuple(Of Integer, Integer)
        Try
           Dim remainder As Integer
           Dim quotient As Integer = Math.DivRem(dividend, divisor, remainder)
           Return New Tuple(Of Integer, Integer)(quotient, remainder)
        Catch e As DivideByZeroException
           Return Nothing
        End Try      
     End Function
  End Module
  ' The example displays the following output:
  '       136945 \ 178 = 769, remainder 63
  '       2147483647 \ -2073 = -1035930, remainder 757
  

• Passar múltiplos valores a um método através de um único parâmetro. Por exemplo, o Thread.Start(Object) método tem um único parâmetro que permite fornecer um valor ao método que a thread executa no arranque. Se fornecer um Tuple<T1,T2> objeto como argumento de método, pode fornecer a rotina de arranque do thread com dois itens de dados.

Ver também

• Tuple
• Tuple<T1>
• Tuple<T1,T2,T3>
• Tuple<T1,T2,T3,T4>
• Tuple<T1,T2,T3,T4,T5>
• Tuple<T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6>
• Tuple<T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7>
• Tuple<T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,TRest>