You need ALL THREE enabled:
Location services → ON
Let apps access your location → ON
Location services for this device → ON (device-level toggle)
Then go to:
Settings → Privacy & security → Find my device
Find my device → ON
You may also open Command Prompt as Admin and copy-paste the following:
shutdown /r /t 0
After reboot:
Open Maps app once
Allow location access
Close it
Check Microsoft Devices again after 10 minutes.